概述
  Centos6.5 有两个数据库实例 orcl1 和 orcl2
  需要都起来
  关键:操作每个数据库实例之前设置ORACLE_SID变量
  export ORACLE_SID=数据库实例
  启动orcl1
  使用oracle用户登录主机
  [root@entel2 ~]# su - oracle
  oracle@entel2:[/oracle]$export ORACLE_SID=orcl1
  oracle@entel2:[/oracle]$sqlplus sys/system as sysdba
  SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Sep 28 07:23:47 2016
  Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
  Connected to:
  Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
  With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
  SQL>startup
  无误即可。
  启动orcl2
  使用oracle用户登录主机
  [root@entel2 ~]# su - oracle
  oracle@entel2:[/oracle]$export ORACLE_SID=orcl2
  oracle@entel2:[/oracle]$sqlplus sys/system as sysdba
  SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Sep 28 07:23:47 2016
  Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
  Connected to:
  Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
  With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
  SQL>startup
  监听启动
  切到oracle用户
  [root@entel2 ~]# su - oracle
  查看监听状态
  oracle@entel2:[/oracle]$lsnrctl status
  LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-SEP-2016 07:25:02
  Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
  Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.45.7.198)(PORT=1521)))
  STATUS of the LISTENER
  ------------------------
  Alias                     LISTENER
  Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
  Start Date                28-SEP-2016 06:06:16
  Uptime                    0 days 1 hr. 18 min. 46 sec
  Trace Level               off
  Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
  SNMP                      OFF
  Listener Parameter File   /oracle/product/112/network/admin/listener.ora
  Listener Log File         /oracle/diag/tnslsnr/entel2/listener/alert/log.xml
  Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.45.7.198)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.123.1)(PORT=1521)))
  Services Summary...
  Service "orcl1" has 2 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl1", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
  Instance "orcl1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
  Service "orcl2" has 2 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl2", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
  Instance "orcl2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
  The command completed successfully
  启动/停止
  lsnrctl start/stop
  监听 UNKNOWN状态解释
  实例状态为UNKNOWN值时表明此服务是静态注册的设置。这时监听器用来表明它不知道关于该实例的任何信息,只有当客户发出连接请求时,它才检查该实例是否存在。
  动态注册的数据库通过状态信息中的状态READY或状态BLOCKED(对于一个备用数据库)来指明。不管关闭何时数据库,动态注册的数据库都会动态地从 监听器注销,而与之相关的信息将从状态列表中消失。这样,不管数据库是在运行还是已经关闭,监听器总是知道它的状态。该信息将被用于连接请求的回退(fallback)和负载平衡。
  既然有动态监听为什么还要静态监听呢?原因如下:
  1.监听器不是早启动,oracle实例先启动
  2.监听器重启
  3.oracle实例没有open
  更加详细的解释请看David的博文 Oracle Listener 动态注册 与 静态注册